Parthenon – Built to last

Few structures across the globe boast the recognition that the Parthenon commands. Positioned atop a limestone hill, ascending approximately 500 feet above the Ilissos Valley in Athens, this majestic marble temple pays homage to the goddess Athena, seamlessly bridging the splendor of ancient Greece with the contemporary era.

Swiftly erected during an extensive fifth-century construction initiative on the Acropolis, the Parthenon not only captivates with its aesthetic allure but also stands as a resilient testament to enduring craftsmanship. Despite enduring challenges such as bombardments, occupations, neglect, vandalism, and earthquakes, both the Parthenon and other architectural marvels on the Acropolis have defied the trials of time, thanks to the sophisticated construction methods employed.

Initiated in 447 B.C., the construction of the Parthenon credits architects Ictinus and Callicrates, alongside sculptor Phidias, for its design. Integrating both Doric and Ionic styles of classical Greek architecture, the temple presents a visually captivating synthesis that has captivated observers throughout history.

Although the Parthenon’s facade exudes an appearance of perfect straightness and symmetry, a subtle curvature is intentionally woven from the foundation through the steps, colonnade, and roof. This deliberate design, achieved through techniques like beveling the blocks of steps, inward tilting of columns, and slight thickening of corner columns, imparts a nuanced sense of equilibrium. Additionally, the columns feature a slight midsection swelling known as entasis.

By 438 B.C., the Parthenon seemed finalized, marked by the installation of a monumental gold-and-ivory statue of Athena Parthenos. Impressively, the entire construction spanned a mere nine years. In comparison, the Propylaea, the gateway to the Acropolis, required only five years for completion.

Although Pericles’ passing occurred in 429 B.C., the monumental building initiative he set in motion persisted, reaching fruition posthumously.

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3D Reconstruction of Parthenon

Watch the sad story behind the destruction of Parthenon